Beyond Borders

Magic mushrooms, also known as Psilocybin, are a type of psychedelic drug that contains a natural psychoactive and hallucinogenic compound. They are categorized as serotonergic hallucinogens, which change an individual's perception and mood by affecting cognitive processes. Magic mushrooms are classified by the United States Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) as a Schedule I drug, which means they have a high potential for abuse, have no currently accepted medical treatment in the US, and have a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. Some common names for magic mushrooms include Shrooms, Mushies, Blue Meanies, Golden Tops, Liberty Caps, Philosopher's Stones, Liberties, Amani, and Agaric. Magic mushrooms are usually prepared by drying, although they can also be eaten freshly picked or mixed with food or drink. They can even be smoked, mixed with cannabis or tobacco. They can also be found in dried capsules or liquid. When psilocybin is taken, it is converted in th...

A number of changes can be found in the criminal justice system during the selected period due to the increment of crime. When considering Police, after the independence of Sri Lanka, Richard Aluvihare became the IG as the first Sri Lankan IG in 6th January 1947. He introduced several innovative measures to embrace the welfare of the men, investigation, prevention and detection of crime, crime prevention societies, rural volunteers, police kennels, public relations, new methods of training and improvement of conditions of service. In 1946, the Police Commission was appointed to look into the reorganization of the police service. From 1952, the recruitment of women police officers to the police force began. Traffic police headquarters was established in 1953 to enforce traffic laws, prevent violation of traffic regulation as well as to investigate accidents. In 1966, John Attygalle became the Inspector General of Police and established the Police Public Relations Bureau. In 1956, it was...

Above figures are collected from a research paper written by Senior Lecturer of Rajarata University of Sri Lanka,    E.M. Samantha Ekanayake, named “Structural Transformation of Society and Development of Criminality: A Case Study from of Sri Lanka”. It displays that in 1953 crimes in the island has decreased up to 18,000, but during the time of 1960 to 1975, crime rate has rapidly increased by (300%).  It could be identified that emergency law had been enforced during 1948 to 1970 for five times. August, 1953 – political violence – 21 individuals were killed  May 22, 1958 – political violence – 04 – Vavuniya March 13, 1959 September 26, 1959  April 14, 1961 – Ethnic–Tamils civil disobedience campaign – arrested 30 military observers – northern and eastern  provinces Killings, displacements and arresting over political violence were at its rise. That might be the reason for the increment of homicide as graphed in the second figure during that period. Relate...

Educational policies of Prime Minister S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike were not liked by Christian community. Education and employment opportunities for many Tamil youth were limited after the enactment of Sinhala Only Act. Sirimavo Bandaranaike tried to reduce the invasion of Christian missions over Sri Lankan education system. She nationalized most of the private schools and stopped state subsidies to remaining private schools. College of Advanced Technology in Katubedda in 1956, University of Vidyodaya in 1958, University of Vidyalankara in 1959, and the Colombo campus of the University of Ceylon in 1967 were established to expand the education system. By the mid 0f 1960s, examinations were conducted in Sinhala and Tamil languages to expand the admissions for universities, but with the problem of lack of funds, by the late 1960s, admissions were decreased. Sinhalese were majorly defeated from this problem. This defeat led to 1971 JVP riots, as a result of frustration. Until two decades aft...